Although she was given a strong mandate in the January elections, with her Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) gaining control of the executive and legislative branches of government, a souring relationship with Beijing could undermine her ability to accomplish what she has set out to do at home.
In April, Taiwan
accused China of carrying out "gross violation of basic human rights" after 45 Taiwanese were deported from Kenya to mainland China. They were then
paraded on Chinese state TV confessing to crimes they had been acquitted for in Kenya.
"It seems clear that China is pressuring the Tsai administration even before it has formally come to office," says Bruce Jacobs, a Taiwan specialist at Monash University in Australia.
In her inauguration speech, Tsai struck a measured tone, attempting to reassure Taiwan's people and the international community that she can handle the island's complicated relationship with China.
She said she wouldn't dismantle any of the existing channels for communication between the two.
"We will work to maintain peace and stability in cross-strait relations," she said.
Her address ended with choirs singing "Ilha Formosa" a poetic song that became an anthem for pro-democracy groups in Taiwan.